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Public release date: 27-Aug-2008

Contact: Jayne Dawkins
ja.dawkins@elsevier.com
215-239-3674

Chronic stress alters our genetic immune response

Philadelphia, PA, August 27, 2008 – Most people would agree that stress increases your risk for illness and this is particularly true for severe long-term stresses, such as caring for a family member with a chronic medical illness. However, we still have a relatively limited understanding of exactly how stress contributes to the risk for illness. In the August 15th issue of Biological Psychiatry, researchers shed new light on one link between stress and illness by describing a mechanism through which stress alters immune function.

In a very promising preliminary study, Miller and colleagues found that the pattern of gene expression differed between caregivers of family members with cancer relative to a matched group of individuals who did not have this type of life stress. They found that among the caregivers, even though they had normal cortisol levels in their blood, the pattern of gene expression in the monocytes, a type of white blood cell involved in the body’s immune response, was altered so that they were relatively less responsive to the anti-inflammatory actions of cortisol, but relatively more responsive to pro-inflammatory actions of a transcription factor called nuclear factor-kappa B, or NF-κB. Gregory Miller, Ph.D., corresponding author, explains more simply that, although “caregivers have similar cortisol levels as controls, their cells seem to be ‘hearing’ less of this signal. In other words, something goes awry in caregivers’ white blood cells so they are not able to ‘receive’ the signal from cortisol that tells them to shut down inflammation.”

Thus, the current findings might help to explain why the caregivers would seem to be in a chronic pro-inflammatory state, a condition of immunologic activation. This activated state could contribute to the risk for a number of medical illnesses, such as depression, heart disease, and diabetes. Dr. Miller remarks that part of the importance of these findings is “because people have traditionally thought that higher cortisol is the reason that stress contributes to disease, but this work shows that, at least in caregivers, it’s actually the opposite - there’s too little cortisol signal being heard by the cells, rather than too much.”

However, many important related questions still remain unanswered, as noted by John H. Krystal, M.D., Editor of Biological Psychiatry and affiliated with both Yale University School of Medicine and the VA Connecticut Healthcare System. He comments that in addition to not knowing how stress produces these altered patterns of gene expression in the immune system, “we don’t know how to account for the resilience of some stressed people exposed to severe sustained stress or the vulnerability of some people to relatively mild stress.” He adds that “the better that we understand the underlying molecular mechanisms that link stress to illness, the more likely we are to make progress in answering these important questions,” and this article is certainly a vital step in that direction.

###

Notes to Editors:

The article is “A Functional Genomic Fingerprint of Chronic Stress in Humans: Blunted Glucocorticoid and Increased NF-κB Signaling” by Gregory E. Miller, Edith Chen, Jasmen Sze, Teresa Marin, Jesusa M.G. Arevalo, Richard Doll, Roy Ma, and Steve W. Cole. Drs. Miller, Chen, Sze, and Marin are affiliated with the Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. Drs. Doll and Ma are with the British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver Centre, Vancouver, Canada. Drs. Arevalo and Cole are from the Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California. Dr. Cole is also affiliated with the UCLA AIDS Institute, Molecular Biology Institute and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Norman Cousins Center at UCLA, Los Angeles, California. The article appears in Biological Psychiatry, Volume 64, Issue 4 (August 15, 2008), published by Elsevier.

The authors’ disclosures of financial and conflicts of interests are available in the article. Dr. Krystal’s disclosures of financial and conflicts of interests are available at http://journals.elsevierhealth.com/webfiles/images/journals/bps/Biological_Psychiatry_Editorial_Disclosures_02_22_08.pdf.

Full text of the article mentioned above is available upon request. Contact Jayne M. Dawkins at (215) 239-3674 or ja.dawkins@elsevier.com to obtain a copy or to schedule an interview.

About Biological Psychiatry

This international rapid-publication journal is the official journal of the Society of Biological Psychiatry. It covers a broad range of topics in psychiatric neuroscience and therapeutics. Both basic and clinical contributions are encouraged from all disciplines and research areas relevant to the pathophysiology and treatment of major neuropsychiatric disorders. Full-length and Brief Reports of novel results, Commentaries, Case Studies of unusual significance, and Correspondence and Comments judged to be of high impact to the field are published, particularly those addressing genetic and environmental risk factors, neural circuitry and neurochemistry, and important new therapeutic approaches. Concise Reviews and Editorials that focus on topics of current research and interest are also published rapidly.

Biological Psychiatry (www.sobp.org/journal) is ranked 4th out of the 95 Psychiatry titles and 16th out of 199 Neurosciences titles on the 2006 ISI Journal Citations Reports® published by Thomson Scientific.

About Elsevier

Elsevier is a world-leading publisher of scientific, technical and medical information products and services. Working in partnership with the global science and health communities, Elsevier’s 7,000 employees in over 70 offices worldwide publish more than 2,000 journals and 1,900 new books per year, in addition to offering a suite of innovative electronic products, such as ScienceDirect (http://www.sciencedirect.com/), MD Consult (http://www.mdconsult.com/), Scopus (http://www.info.scopus.com/), bibliographic databases, and online reference works.

Elsevier (http://www.elsevier.com/) is a global business headquartered in Amsterdam, The Netherlands and has offices worldwide. Elsevier is part of Reed Elsevier Group plc (http://www.reedelsevier.com/), a world-leading publisher and information provider. Operating in the science and medical, legal, education and business-to-business sectors, Reed Elsevier provides high-quality and flexible information solutions to users, with increasing emphasis on the Internet as a means of delivery. Reed Elsevier’s ticker symbols are REN (Euronext Amsterdam), REL (London Stock Exchange), RUK and ENL (New York Stock Exchange).

Obesity Does Heart Damage

Now I’ll be the first to admit the dangers of obesity really aren’t news; we already know big folks (or as comedian, Gabriel Iglesias, likes to say “fluffy” folks) amongst us have more cardiac events, diabetes, and other health events. That said, researchers have taken the effects of obesity much deeper, and discovered just how much your health might be impacted. Let’s take a look at the study.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins have the first large-scale evidence linking folks who are severely overweight to sustained and deadly inflammation of their hearts. The findings, published in the May 6, 2008 issue of the Journal of the American College of Cardiology, were culled from the Multiethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).
Researchers from MESA tested and then tracked the development of heart failure in an ethnically diverse group of nearly 7,000 men and women. The participants ranged in age from 45 to 84 years and have been followed for almost eight years – the study will terminate in 2012.
Senior study investigator João Lima, M.D., had this to say, “The biological effects of obesity on the heart are quite profound. Even if obese people feel otherwise healthy, there are measurable and early chemical signs of damage to their heart, beyond the well-known implications for diabetes and high blood pressure.”
The chemicals Dr. Lima talks about are part of the body’s reaction to disease processes. They give rise to symptoms such as changes in the small blood vessels of the heart. These chemicals also hasten the release of immune system cells that cause arteries and veins to leak fluid into nearby tissue. This causes inflammation, which can lead to a buildup of scar tissue.
The MESA study showed that obese participants had higher levels of interleukin 6, a chemical that excites white blood cells and causes inflammation, than non-obese participants.
When another chemical, C-reactive protein, was found at three times normal levels, study participants saw their risk of heart failure rise by a whopping 36 percent. Levels of C-reactive protein are also known to dramatically speed up inflammation and lead to widespread arterial damage. Big folks take note: get your cRP levels measured!
Twenty percent higher than average blood levels of fibrinogen, a major player in heart muscle scarring, bumped up the risk of heart failure by 37 percent.
Interestingly, when the inflammatory protein levels were included in the scientists’ statistical analysis, the heightened risk from obesity disappeared.
“What this tells us is that both obesity and the inflammatory markers are closely tied to each other and to heart failure,” says lead researcher and senior Johns Hopkins cardiology research fellow, Hossein Bahrami, M.D., M.P.H.
Study results also show inflammation to be a probable accelerant to increased levels of albuminuria, a chemical best known for impairing kidney function. However, albuminuria also caused a 1,000 percent increase in developing a progressively weakening heart muscle among MESA participants
Bahrami had this to say, “The basic evidence is building the case that inflammation may be the chemical route by which obesity targets the heart, and that inflammation may play an important role in the increased risk of heart failure in obese people, especially those with the metabolic syndrome.” I think Dr. Rodier would say “duh!”
Bahrami notes that previous studies, also done at Hopkins, have shown that even moderate exercise to lose abdominal fat dramatically offsets the harmful effects of metabolic syndrome on heart function. Now he’s singing Teri’s favorite tune, get moving!
How to Assess Obesity — Is BMI Enough?
So how do you decide what really constitutes being too fat? By using the Body Mass Index (BMI)? Well, no, probably not. One reason would be because muscle weighs more than fat by an order of four to one. Oddly, the BMI doesn’t take this into account.
Then there are the myriad differences in individual body structures. (Take a look at these pictures of people and see how they fall on the BMI. Prepare to be shocked.)
But what happens if you come from good farmer stock and just happen to be a well-proportioned, but big example of Homo sapiens? Is it okay to revel in your big-boned, heavily muscled self? Probably — as long as your blood work stays nice and tidy and you keep nasty abdominal fat at bay.
Just to be sure, rather than using strictly BMI tables as your guide, try a waist circumference test to measure your ratio of abdominal fat.
Support Heart Health and Keep Inflammation at Bay
If you’re carrying extra pounds, consider a few Co-op staples to help support your heart and decrease of inflammation.
Heart Plus: Vitamin C can help reduce C-Reactive Protein levels mentioned above. The combination of vitamin C, L-lysine, and L-proline supports the healing of blood vessels, improved blood flow, and reduced cholesterol plaques (blockages).
Fish Oil: Anytime inflammation is involved, count on fish oil to help out. Fish oil is linked with decreased triglycerides, decreased atherosclerotic plaque, and lower blood pressure.
Magnesium: Magnesium helps keep muscles strong and nerves alert. Magnesium also helps keep cells strong — of particular importance to those with ailing hearts and fragile tissues. Lastly, magnesium supports the heart’s ability to expand and contract to pump blood efficiently.
Arthro 3: Granted, the name is a little distracting, but Indian curry spices, turmeric (curcumin) and boswellia, along with MSM, offer powerful anti-inflammatory protection, good for creaky joints but also for your heart, brain, and immune system.
Contributed by Our Health Coop.com

RE: [FlaxSeedOil2] Re:Animal protein‏
From: flaxseedoil2@yahoogroups.com on behalf of Dr. Loretta Lanphier

>>>Grass fed beef is not inherently “hard to digest”, unless one has serious
digestive impairments (which many people do). From my personal viewpoint
and experience, I have a great deal of difficult digesting whole grains, but
meat presents no such problem for me. Meat is indeed “acid forming”, but so
are whole grains.

Loretta: Most, if not all, cancer patients have impaired digestive tracts.
The digestive tract is where most disease begins and where at least 80% of
the immune system is located. Add to this the fact that there are a very
high percentage of people, without diagnosed disease, that deal with
on-going constipation and gut concerns on a daily basis. Meat takes much
longer to go through the digestive tract and if the digestive tract is
already compromised then concerns can arise as far as it being properly
digested and transported. The thought is that by allowing the digestive
tract to “rest” (no foods that are difficult to digest) this will allow the
body to focus more energy toward healing and repair rather than having to
work constantly on digestion.

>>>Speaking from an evolutionary viewpoint, obviously animals have a
“higher” energy state than vegetables do, as they are more highly evolved.
Thus if you are seeking to “raise your vibration” via food, animal food
would actually be a better choice. Humans are evolved to ingest all fats
easily - they are easily absorbed, and enter the body without causing any
major hormone shifts. Only non-natural fats (hydrogenated “trans” fats)
will cause health problems. Thus this argument is not scientific or
logical, and is therefore emotional (which leads me to believe this email
will cause “anger” for some, for which I apologize). I am not seeking to
enter a debate on this topic, I am merely pointing out that the question has
not yet
been answered.

Loretta: I disagree. Meat is “dead” and vegetables and fruits are “live.”
Vegetables and fruits provide hydration, nutrition, enzymes, minerals and
oxygen to the body, not to mention that they digest easily. Certainly, for
those that are not fighting disease a small amount of meat will not hurt as
long as they are positive that it is organic, free-range, hormone-free, etc.
The concern is that we are now being told that some of the “organic” dairy
and meat are not meeting organic standards. We also know that meat that is
“stressed” before slaughter contains more hormones. Some “supposedly”
organic meat companies have their cattle in pens and being feed grain
several weeks before slaughter.

The BP is for a “season”. It is not forever; however, one should continue
on the diet for several years after healing has taken place and most will
find that because they feel and look better, they are glad to embrace it for
life.

>>>If one is already oriented towards veganism/vegetarianism, then this diet
can be followed without question, and without any threat to the existing
internal value system. Otherwise these type of questions will pop up
because your value system is being questioned by the proposal of an entirely
vegetarian diet. I find value in the flax oil/cottage cheese mixture –
however I am also having difficulty accepting the diet in it’s entirety, and
would appreciate further clarification on the concepts behind it. –G

Loretta: It’s all about change. I am a cancer survivor, using natural
methods, of 8 years and I had to change absolutely everything in my life
because the life I had previously been living obviously didn’t work. It’s
about totally changing the body terrain so that it is conducive for repair
and healing. While healthy diet is foundational other things must be
addressed such as stress and emotions and Dr. Budwig agreed with this.
Those who welcome these changes and give the body exactly what it needs are
the ones who get the best results. Remember that what a healthy body can
handle and what a diseased body can handle are not the same. A diseased
body is already toxic and does not need more toxins (even possible toxins)
added. It needs a terrain that is inhospitable to cancer. The BP helps the
body to achieve this type of whole-body terrain.

Be Well
Loretta

Mon, 25 Aug 2008 09:54:28 -0400

Research has led to the discovery of the heaviest element yet known to science. The new element, *Governmentium* (Gv), has one neutron, 25 assistant neutrons, 88 deputy neutrons, and 198 assistant deputy neutrons, giving it an atomic mass of 312.

These 312 particles are held together by forces called *morons*, which are surrounded by vast quantities of lepton-like particles called *peons*. Since *Governmentium* has no electrons, it is inert; however, it can be detected, because it impedes every action with which it comes into contact.

A minute amount of *Governmentium* can cause a reaction that would normally take less than a second, to take from four days to four years to complete. *Governmentium* has a normal half-life of 2-6 years; it does not decay, but instead undergoes a reorganization in which a portion of the assistant neutrons and deputy neutrons exchange places.

In fact, *Governmentium’s* mass will actually increase over time, since each reorganization will cause more morons to become neutrons, forming *isodopes*. This characteristic of moron promotion leads some scientists to believe that *Governmentium* is formed whenever morons reach a critical concentration. This hypothetical quantity is referred to as critical morass. When catalyzed with money, *Governmentium* becomes *Administratium*, an element that radiates just as much energy as *Governmentium* since it has half as many *peons* but twice as many *morons*.

Ray Henderson
rhaga@mindspring.com